The DevOps section collects hands-on experience from the Sudo infrastructure team running hundreds of PHP/Laravel websites: the three-tier Cloud VPS model, the move to Kubernetes and CI/CD, real incidents and how they ...
Containers are temporary: when a pod is recreated, every file written inside it is lost. For Website AI that is a big problem, because each site has customer-uploaded images and its own customized the...
On Cloud VPS, each Laravel site has a .env file next to its code, built by the pipeline with a series of sed commands. Once Website AI moves to a single image shared by every site, that file can no lo...
In the What is Kubernetes article, the control plane, nodes and pods were introduced at the concept level. This article moves on to the objects developers will deal with every day once a Website AI si...
Once the Website AI image existed, the next question in the team was what is Kubernetes, and what can it do that a group of Cloud VPS instances running nginx and PHP-FPM cannot. This article answers "...
To run Website AI on Kubernetes, the first job is not building a cluster but packaging the application as an image. This guide covers Dockerizing Laravel for a product like the Website AI core: what D...
Website AI is Sudo's ready-made website product: a single Laravel core, where each customer gets a separate installation with its own database, theme and content. In the early days, Website AI sites r...
Most traffic on a content website comes from anonymous readers opening the home page, category pages and article pages. For every one of those requests, Laravel still boots the framework, runs dozens...
Putting a new Laravel website on Cloud VPS by hand is a long chain of steps: create the database, clone the code, edit .env, run composer, write the nginx config file on the minion and then on the bal...
In a multi-site model on Cloud VPS, every site runs over HTTPS and the certificates live on the balancer tier. With hundreds of domains and Let's Encrypt certificates that only last 90 days, renewing...
PHP 7.4 is the last branch of PHP 7, and its security support ended in late 2022. On many Cloud VPS clusters it still runs a fair number of websites, alongside a group of even older sites on PHP 7.2,...
In the database tier of a multi-website setup on Cloud VPS, each server typically runs one MySQL 8.0 instance holding dozens of schemas for dozens of different websites. The server has only a few GB o...
A single Cloud VPS cluster typically holds legacy websites that only run on PHP 7.2, new Laravel sites that need PHP 8.x, and many sites in between on PHP 7.4. Upgrading everything to one version is n...
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