Programming articles from Sudo engineers: Java design patterns, Python, AI and data, and web development, with runnable code examples.
For twenty years, a Java class that "only holds data" came with about thirty lines of ceremony: private final fields, a constructor, getters, and then equals, hashCode and toString, written by hand or...
For more than two decades, the standard answer to "why doesn't adding threads make Python faster?" has been the GIL, the global interpreter lock that lets only one thread run bytecode at a time. Since...
A customer support RAG chatbot that runs on a personal laptop takes one afternoon. The hard part is turning it into something you can hand to customers: it has to know when to stay silent, never inven...
Every team has one: a seventy-line method buried in nested if statements that nobody dares to touch because it calculates real money. When the boss asks for "a new coupon for new customers", a develop...
A good data pipeline is not one long script that happens to run once. It is a chain of small steps, each with its own input, output and check, that gives the same result no matter how many times you r...
Polars is a DataFrame library written in Rust with a Python API, built around one idea: you describe the whole query first, the library optimizes the plan, and only then does it read any data. On an o...
Open the test suite of an order system after two years of development and you usually see the same scene: every test is thirty lines long, the first twenty only build a Customer, an Address and some O...
Responsible AI is not an ethics slogan on the last slide of a deck. It is a concrete set of engineering tasks: knowing which personal data you use, whether you have the right to use it, whether the mo...
Some designs look reasonable when you first write them. The whole team may even praise them as "clean". A year later they are the source of every slow bug fix. The term anti-patterns describes exactly...
Data drift is what happens when the distribution of the inputs to a live model slowly moves away from the distribution of the data it was trained on. The model raises no error, the API still returns H...
MLflow is an open-source platform for managing the machine learning lifecycle: it records every training run, stores the model together with its input signature, names and versions it in a registry, a...
When a request splits into several parallel tasks, such as fetching customer data and order status at the same time, we usually reach for ExecutorService and Future. It works, but it hides a flaw that...
vLLM is an open-source engine for serving large language models (LLMs) at high throughput. It came out of a research group at UC Berkeley and was published through the PagedAttention paper at SOSP 202...
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